Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men and one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Therefore, clinical prostate cancer therapy requires better prognosis and treatment methods. Research on proteomics has enhanced the understanding of the processes underlying tumorigenesis, cancer cell migration, and metastasis. Considering that proteins are the drivers of most cellular responses and the targets for drug delivery, a methodical analysis of the proteome alterations taking place during the initiation and development of prostate cancer might lead to scientific breakthroughs. This review is a systematic literature search to retrieve primary research articles related to prostate cancer proteomics disease mechanisms and aims to discuss and compare current proteomics methods in both the clinical and research context.

Fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) in humans may lead to a lifetime of developmental deficits ranging from mild to severe. These defects are largely dependent on timing and consistency of alcohol exposure. The majority of FAE experiments examine moderate to heavy alcohol exposure, while fewer studies examine responses to lower levels of alcohol consumption on development. Here, we tested the effects of relatively mild ethanol exposure on development, behavior, and hormone levels in Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) tadpoles.