A dysfunctional variant in the brain's dopamine transporters might be responsible for the hyperactive symptoms that characterize ADHD (Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder), suggests a study conducted by Vanderbilt University. The findings, published last week in the Journal of Neuroscience, describe patterns of brain activity similar to those found in people who are taking amphetamine, or speed.'

Thanks to the unexpected discovery of particles from the edge of the solar system by NASA's STEREO spacecrafts and some innovative new astronomical methods from the University of California, Berkeley, for the first time scientists are able to map the frontier of our solar system. By looking at neutral atoms, instead of light, scientists can explore the mysterious region where hot solar winds meet the cold interstellar medium.

The Microbicide Trials Network (MTN) is aiming to compare the tablet and vaginal gel formulations of tenofovir – a widely used Anti retroviral drug (ARV) - as a HIV preventive drug. While researchers are turning to the preventive aspects of ARV, they have chosen this drug as it can be formulated either as an oral tablet or a vaginal gel to be used daily.

According to a recent study at the University of Toronto, unhealthy, high fat meals may cause immediate memory decline in seniors with type 2 diabetes. The research, which appears in the July edition of Nutrition Research, also finds antioxidant vitamins C and E helpful in offsetting potential memory problems.

Recent findings published in Nature might be the answer to the long-asked question of the discrepancy between the Martian hemispheres. Mars, the fourth planet from the sun, has two distinct hemispheres. Its northern half, a lowland region that could have been the site for an enormous ocean, is approximately two miles on average below its southern counterpart in terms of elevation. This almost 50-50 split of the Martian surface has intrigued many scientists as to its formation.

A research team at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center has genetically engineered a mouse capable of regenerating pancreatic beta cells. The study, which is scheduled to appear in a future issue of Diabetes, provides insight for scientists working on ways to treat diabetes, and brings hope to the estimated 171 million people suffering from the disease worldwide.